Robert Bourassa
Robert Bourassa
Quebec Premier who led the province through constitutional negotiations and major economic developments during two separate terms in office.
Robert Bourassa: A Short Biography
Robert Bourassa was born in Montreal on July 14, 1933. He studied law at the University of Montreal and later completed graduate degrees in political science and economics. He worked as a law professor and economist before entering politics in the 1960s.
Bourassa was first elected to the Quebec National Assembly in 1966 as a Liberal member for Mercier riding. He became leader of the Quebec Liberal Party in 1970 at age 36 and led the party to victory in the same year's provincial election. This made him Premier of Quebec, a position he held from 1970 to 1976.
He lost power to René Lévesque's Parti Québécois in 1976 and spent nine years in opposition and private life. Bourassa returned as Liberal leader in 1983 and won the 1985 election, serving as Premier again from 1985 to 1994. He resigned from politics in 1994 due to health problems and died of cancer in 1996.
As a Public Speaker
Bourassa spoke both French and English fluently and was comfortable addressing different audiences in Quebec and across Canada. His speaking style was formal and measured, reflecting his academic background and legal training. He often used statistics and economic data to support his arguments.
As Premier, Bourassa regularly addressed the Quebec National Assembly during question period and legislative debates. He also spoke at party conventions, economic conferences, and constitutional meetings. His speeches were usually well-prepared and followed logical arguments.
Bourassa was known for his calm demeanor during press conferences and interviews. He rarely raised his voice or showed strong emotion in public. His approach was to present facts and reasoning rather than make emotional appeals. This style served him well during constitutional negotiations where he represented Quebec's interests.
During constitutional discussions, Bourassa spoke at federal-provincial conferences and meetings with other premiers. He was able to explain Quebec's position clearly to audiences outside the province. His background in economics helped him discuss the practical effects of constitutional arrangements.
Notable Speeches
Robert Bourassa's significant public addresses during his political career
October Crisis Address
Bourassa's statements during the October Crisis, when he requested federal intervention under the War Measures Act.
Quebec Referendum Speech
Bourassa's address during the 1980 sovereignty referendum campaign, supporting the federalist position.
Today and Forever
Bourassa's response to the failure of the Meech Lake Accord, asserting Quebec's permanent distinct character.
Read MoreCharlottetown Accord Campaign
Bourassa's speeches supporting the Charlottetown Accord during the 1992 constitutional referendum campaign.
Legacy & Impact
Constitutional Negotiations
Bourassa played a central role in Canadian constitutional discussions during the 1980s and 1990s. He negotiated the Meech Lake Accord in 1987 and the Charlottetown Accord in 1992. Although both agreements failed to be ratified, his work established Quebec's constitutional demands and influenced later discussions about the province's place in Canada.
Economic Development
Bourassa oversaw major economic projects during his time as Premier. The James Bay hydroelectric development was begun during his first term and became one of the world's largest hydroelectric complexes. He also promoted other infrastructure projects and worked to attract business investment to Quebec.
Quebec Federalism
Bourassa represented a federalist option for Quebec voters who wanted constitutional change but not independence. His approach influenced the Quebec Liberal Party's position on federalism for decades. His work showed that Quebec leaders could defend provincial interests while remaining committed to Canadian federalism.
Notable Quotes
English Canada must clearly understand that, regardless of what is said or done, Québec is today and always will be a society that is distinct, free and able to assume its destiny and development.
— Today and Forever Speech, June 22, 1990
Hence, since 1985, the question is: 'What does Canada want?' And we are still waiting for Canada's answer in this respect.
— Today and Forever Speech, June 22, 1990
In 1985, we proposed to English Canada conditions that were deemed by all to be moderate and reasonable.
— Today and Forever Speech, June 22, 1990
On behalf of all Quebecers, I want to express my deepest disappointment, a disappointment issuing from all the efforts that have been made by various administrations over the past ten years.
— Today and Forever Speech, June 22, 1990
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